Vegetarianism Is Becoming More Than Popular People...

Vegetarianism is becoming more and more popular as people recognize the health benefits of a plant-based diet. However, after years of a vegetarian (mostly vegan) lifestyle, I ve come to realize that many people are unclear as to what, or how, to feed a vegetarian. Perhaps you have found yourself in a situation where a vegetarian has entered your life and your ideas about what to feed them are limited. If vegetarianism is new to you, you may need some support in understanding what to feed them. On behalf of vegetarians everywhere, allow me to clear a few things up so that you don t need to stress out if one is coming to your house for dinner. By the end of this article you will understand the types of vegetarians, some myths about vegetarians, and some easy methods of feeding them. First of all, let s start with some definitions: Vegetarian - a person who, for whatever reason, chooses not to eat meat. It is best to clarify which type of vegetarian your guest is, before planning the menu. A person may be any of the following types of vegetarians or a combination of two or three! Ethical Vegetarian - this person has chosen not to eat meat because they feel it is unethical. Depending on the personality of your vegetarian, it may be best that there is no meat on the table. Some ethical vegetarians find the sight of meat (especially something like a rare piece of beef) to be repulsive and it may ruin their appetite. Health-Conscious Vegetarian - this vegetarian isShow MoreRelatedThe Use Of Diffusion Between Cultural Participation Function And Support Veganism Essay2288 Words   |  10 Pagesveganism has become an increasingly popular lifestyle through recent decades. Veganism is a very strict diet. It involves a strong commitment and can also restrict certain fashion statements in some way or form. Vegans avoid any consumption of any [animal related food or fabric that has been fabricated with animal skin]. Although many, do not see the vegan choice as a reasonable way to a healthy living, many Americans have seen their diet change being influenced by popular artists, such as Beyoncà ©, whoRead MoreEnvironmental Sustainability And Ethics Into The Business Essay2175 Words   |  9 Pagesdining restaurant in an inner city suburb, I notice that there is an increase in the number of people enquiring about food items featured on the menu. Some are vegetarian; some ask where and how the food is pro duced, whilst others are celiac or show a high level of concern over the ingredients used in each dish, due to allergies. As a result, there will be a growing trend towards consuming foods based on informed choice. On the other hand, there are also some concerns about the ethics of eating and

Plastic Surgery Becomes More Popular - 953 Words

As time progresses, plastic surgery becomes more popular. Plastic surgery isn’t just what’s seen on TV and on social media; plastic surgery is much more than facelifts, rhinoplasty, and breast enhancements. In fact, â€Å"plastic surgery is anything that undergoes the process of reconstructing or repairing parts of the body.† (Reconstructive Surgery) The facelift Kris Jenner recently just had done is equally considered plastic surgery as an ordinary person getting an extra finger removed. These are both types of plastic surgery, but they’re treated completely differently. A woman who gets cosmetic surgery gets scorned for getting the procedure done, yet the person who went in to remove their extra finger does not. In reality, these issues are quite similar. Plastic surgery is often the last resort for those who want to desperately change how they look; those who get plastic surgery done are quickly judged for doing so; however, both men and women should co nsider the reasons why a person might want plastic surgery; the reasons behind this may be deeper than one thought. Those who get plastic surgery get it for numerous reasons; one reason they get it done is for serious medical purposes. Those who seek plastic surgery for medical purposes are doing it to fix abnormalities caused by accidents, birth defects, and medical issues developed over time. An example of this would be a driver in a serious car accident getting their finger ripped off by the force that hit them.Show MoreRelatedBeauty Is Not Pain?1704 Words   |  7 Pageswhy is it that some choose to change that with cosmetic and plastic surgery? What would motivate someone to go through hours of pain just for a new body? With the appearance of more â€Å"perfect† looking celebrities in the media, the self-esteem of many women spiral down, especially in Asia. Beauty standards in South Korea are now being define by many K-Pop idols. â€Å"In Seoul, 1 of every 5 women ages 19 to 49 has had some type of plastic surgery, according to a 2009 survey by Trend Monitor† (Chow, NPR).Read MorePlastic Surgery1364 Words   |  6 PagesPlastikos â€Å"Despite the popular misconception, the word ‘plastic’ in ‘plastic surgery’ does not mean ‘artificial,’ but is derived from the ancient Greek word ‘plastikos,’ which means to mold or give form† (Schnur and Hait). What was once used to help reconstruct the faces and bodies of wounded soldiers is now used to aesthetically create new faces and bodies around the world. The motive for surgery is changing. Statistics show that plastic surgery is becoming increasingly more popular among men, women,Read MoreCosmetic Surgery : A Social Fixture946 Words   |  4 Pagesand appeal of beauty is incorporated into the daily lives of people from all backgrounds. Beauty has evolved to become a social fixture in Brazilian society. The endless possibilities for imagination through cosmetic surgery give rise to the opportunity of ascending and reshaping the social hierarchy in Brazil. As beauty and race are widely associated with social do main, cosmetic surgery incites the natural desire and fantasies for empowerment, social mobility, and modernity. Not only does beautyRead MoreCosmetic Surgery: A Risky and Costly Procedure1355 Words   |  6 Pagesconsidering cosmetic surgery I suggest reconsidering. Research shows cosmetic surgery can be a risky and costly procedure. Society is pressuring people to look more attractive. Media shows actors to be flawless and the public feels that one should be compared to these actors. Cosmetic surgery is becoming more popular is today’s culture. People are turning to cosmetic surgery for many reasons, some of them are not healthy. Why do people go to such dangerous measures to look more attractive? PeopleRead MoreShould Cosmetic Surgery Be Banned?956 Words   |  4 Pagescultural trend that has become prevalent among our society today is cosmetic and plastic surgery. Cosmetic surgery is surgery that corrects or modifies the appearance of a feature, or defect on the human body. Although plastic surgery can sometimes be used for treatment of injury or other health related issues. Surgery to improve appearance is widespread among our culture. According to the American Society of Plastic Surgery, there were 15.6 million cosmetic and plastic surgeries procedures done in 2014Read MoreTeenagers and the Plastic Surgery Epidemic Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pageslengths to reach this physical perfection, but when it comes down to it, just how far is too far? The numbers of teens going through with plastic surgery is startling and will continue to rise as America falls in to a beauty obsessed epidemic. The most drastic method used for mega alterations among teenagers is plastic surgery. There are two types of plastic surgery: reconstructive and cosmetic (Monohan). Reconstructive procedures are carried out in order to correct defects on the body. Cosmetic proceduresRead MorePlastic Surgery: Why Is so Popular? Essay1307 Words   |  6 PagesPlastic surgery is medical process through which people can make their physical aspect look better. There are two major kinds of plastic surgeries: cosmetic and reconstructive. People are and have always concern about their body image and the perspective that other could have about it. Therefore, people are always looking for the solution, which most of the time end up being the plastic surgery. Where these procedures originated? Moreover, how do we get to the actual point of plastic surgery? ClearlyRead MorePlastic Surgery And Its Effect On Society1169 Words   |  5 Pagesprocess of plastic surgery, women especially. Women feel an immense am ount of pressure to achieve a certain look to be considered beautiful. Plastic surgery is a cosmetic procedure in which in helps to alter the appearance and functions of the body. Over the cosmetic procedures have become a norm and many people see it as a necessity in order for them to love themselves. These standards of beauty have become a tool, in which measures a woman’s sense of worth. This sense of worth has become more accessibleRead More The Truth about Cosmetic Surgery Essay1150 Words   |  5 PagesThe Truth about Cosmetic Surgery Cosmetic surgery has become one of the most popular trends in America today. Whether you are reading a magazine, watching the news, or a television program, you are likely to see something about cosmetic surgery. Within the past year, there have been several television programs dedicated to people â€Å"bettering† themselves through body augmenting surgeries. Millions of people undergo risky surgery every year simply to improve or enhance a feature or body part.Read MoreAnnotated Bibliography On The Marriage Of Plastic Surgery And Social Media Essay960 Words   |  4 Pages Mills, D. C. (n.d.). The Marriage of Plastic Surgery and Social Media: A Relationship to Last a Lifetime. Retrieved April 09, 2016, from http://uh7qf6fd4h.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8rfr_id=info:sid/summon.serialssolutions.comrft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journalrft.genre=articlerft.atitle=The Marriage of Plastic Surgery and Social Media: A Relationship to Last a Lifetimerft.jtitle=Aesthetic Surgery Journalrft.au=Camp, Steven Mrft.au=Mills

The Concepts Of Child Development - 1110 Words

The concepts of child development are many and varied. It is all well and good to read about theories and concepts of child development in a textbook, but when these concepts are observed in real life classrooms, the theories and concepts are easier to understand. It is also easy to plan a classroom on paper, but in real life, students with different levels of development and abilities, learning styles, and cultures will be in the classroom. Observing children and breaking down the different stages and philosophies of development help future teachers acquire a comprehensive and detailed view of child development. Physical Development Physical development is how a student grows and matures over time. This includes things like height, weight, and muscle mass, but also affects the brain (CITE BOOK HERE). Preteens and adolescents ages 12-13 roughly average out to the same development rate between genders. Boys are commonly taller than girls and weigh more. Males also acquire more muscle mass during puberty. The students in the seventh grade class showed these characteristics. One boy was much taller than his two female partners. Both girls were relatively slim while the boy had more muscle. In the kindergarten class on the other hand, both the boys and girls looked to be about the same size. While there were obvious differences in size, those came from genetics. Bergin Bergin state, â€Å"Both boys and girls steadily increase in strength and athletic skill from ages 4 to 14.† (CITEShow MoreRelatedThe Child Development Is Defined By The Important Concepts Of A Child1903 Words   |  8 PagesChild Development is defined by the important concepts which change from before the child is born to when the child becomes an adolescent. The development of a child is a very important concept in life. A women dreams of the day she will have a baby and start a family with the love of her life. There are many concepts and many different factors which come into having a baby. Early child Development is a complicated subject that involves, how teratogens affect a new born, how a maternal age can affectRead MoreChildhood Development And The Whole Child Concept Essay1365 Words   |  6 Pagesearly childhood development and the Whole Child concept. Early childhood development is the study of children’s growing and development from eight years old to pre-birth. Explain why it is important to understand early childhood development. It is important to understand early childhood development because it helps to understand the children better. In order for the teachers to meet the children’s needs, they have to know how and what they need to do. Learning early childhood development is also importantRead MoreChild Development On A Concept Of Attachment And Behavior That Are Measured From The Ethological Evolutionary Perspective1298 Words   |  6 Pagesannual American Psychological Association meeting in September 1968 at symposium conducted in Francisco. The study focus on child development on a concept of attachment and behavior that are measured from the ethological evolutionary viewpoint Attachment exploration and behavior are in balance view, and a biological importance of each is discussed. The illustration of this concept is conducted through a study where 56 white are reported, middle-class infant, and age of 49-51 weeks, in the strange situationRead MoreVygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development Self Efficacy Agency 622 Words   |  3 PagesIn Vygotsky’s concept, zone of proximal development he explains that it is the distance between a child’s developmental level, which is determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance (Vygotsky, 1978, p174). This concept is highly used in education and in classrooms. For example, I work with a student who is eighteen years of age and has intellectual disabilities. During our morning routine he enjoys workingRead MoreEarly Childhood Course At Savannah Technical College Essay1662 Words   |  7 Pagesmajor concepts that influenced early education. The three concepts were Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), scaffolding, and his psychology of play. Vygotsky developed these three concepts to work together with one main focus for the child, and that was to learn through interaction with adults and older children and through play. In the next three paragraphs, we will take a look at these three concepts in greater details. The first concept Vygotsky introduced was Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)Read MoreAttachment Theory on Socio-Emtionals Development of Children1435 Words   |  6 Pagesmodels by Bowlby and Ainsworth. Since its introduction, the concept has developed to become one of the most significant theoretical schemes for understanding the socio-emotional development of children at an early stage. In addition, the theory is also developing into one of the most prominent models that guide parent-child relationships. Some of the key areas in these relationships that are guided by attachment theory include child welfare, parenting programs, daycare, head start programs, schoolsRead MoreThe Stages Of Development For Children1475 Words   |  6 Pages The concept of time is a very important aspect of life. From an early age, children learn just how important the concept of understanding time can be in their everyday life. Piaget described a child’s developing concept of time into four stages. During each of the four stages, children learn the key aspects of time through activities related to time that produce many learning outcomes for children, relating to time. Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operations, and Formal Operations are theRead More The Effects of Bilingualism on Language Development Essay1297 Words   |  6 PagesThe effects of bilingualism on language development in children are examined. Theories suggest that bilingual children are able to learn a second language after the first is mastered. One of the reasons behind this is that the child has already developed the nonverbal concept of the word (because the child is already using it in the primary language), so only the verbal concept must be constructed. It has been shown that balanced bilinguals are more cognitively and linguistically flexible. HoweverRead MoreA Review of Bruner and Sherwoods Study of Peek-a-Boo1674 Words   |  7 Pages This phrase broadly describes the human behavior and its effect on their development process. One tends to make their lives worth living by experiencing different activities that help them grow. These activities cater humans to strengthen their capabilities and skills. The main aim of this review article is to introduce the concept of â€Å"peek-a-boo† and its mere importance as a game in the development process of a child. Peek-a-boo is a fundamental game which manipulates the infant’s hold on ‘objectRead MoreJean Piaget, Lev Vgotsky, And Maria Montessori1524 Words   |  7 Pagestaken from each a strong theory can be crafted for each individual child. These theories come from information processing, Jean Piaget, Lev Vgotsky, and Maria Montessori. Information processing looks at children’s scripts and how long-term memory works to help children learn, Piaget uses the concepts of object permanence and egocentrism to explain the ways children view different things, Vygotsky focuses on the zone of proximal development and scaffolding to give children the best environment to lean

Ethics of Kant and the Categorical Imperative - 1817 Words

Kant’s Categorical Imperative What is a categorical imperative? A categorical imperative is a moral obligation which is absolute and necessary in any moral situation and isn’t reliant on a singular person’s desires or wills. For Kant, categorical imperatives are the foundation for morality because they invoke â€Å"pure† reasons for our moral actions and decisions since each rational being reasons to act outside of their own personal desires or will which may cloud judgments or impose a biased verdict of the situation. Kant explains this by distinguishing two different kinds of imperatives; categorical and hypothetical. Obviously Kant is interested in categorical imperatives and uses this distinction to show the difference between them†¦show more content†¦Therefore; the only thing that is unconditionally good is to act according to The Categorical Imperative. From this, Kant is saying that the amount of value placed on morals of any action or decision depends on moral duty and moral law. For Kant, if a person acts from a good will then they are acting by moral duty and if a moral decision is binding to every person capable of having a rational thought, then they are acting by moral law. Since both are required for a â€Å"pure rational reason†, then The Categorical Imperative is the only moral law which allows us to meet these requirements of allowing us to act from good will and to also be binding to every person. Even though Kant does seem to be making his point, he has many flaws in his reasoning. One problem is that he doesn’t look at the big picture; he seems to say that if we are to make a moral decision then it should be based on being intrinsically good so that you are able to universalize it which is a good thought however he doesn’t look at situations case by case. He doesn’t believe that there are any exceptions to his theory about categorical imperatives, he believes that it is morally right to act in a certain way for one situation, then you should act that way in all situations and also if it is wrong to act a certain way then it is wrong to act thatShow MoreRelatedA Critique of the Categorical Imperative1689 Words   |  7 PagesA Critique of the Categorical imperative Immanuel Kant was without doubt one of the most influential Philosophers of his time. He was born in Koinsberg, Prussia on the 22nd of April 1724, and died on the 12th of February 1804 at the age of 79. Throughout his life Kant contributed his ideas to many major fields of Philosophy; however his biggest contribution was to the realm of ethics, when he developed the concept of the categorical imperative. He first introduced this idea in 1785 in a book he titledRead MoreKantian Ethics And The Categorical Imperative Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Kantian Ethics and critiques In Elements of Pure Practical Reason Book, I, Immanuel Kant, a prominent late Enlightenment Era German philosopher discusses his most famous ethical theory, the â€Å"Categorical Imperative.† The â€Å"Categorical Imperative† is a proposed universal law in stating all humans are forbidden from certain actions regardless of consequences. Although this is the general definition of this ethical theory, the Categorical Imperative† exists in two above formulations, A strictRead MoreKant s Impact On Ethics1389 Words   |  6 PagesImmanuel Kant was an intelligent, well-known German philosopher during the Enlightenment era of the late 18th century. During this enthusiastic time period, there emerged a strong belief in the ability of human reason to help understand the world and solve its numerous problems- including ethical ones. Kant’s contribution to ethics has been very substantial, and although ethics is the field he’s had the most profound impact on, Kant also spent his time working in other areas, such as metaphysicsRead MoreMorality via Kant and Hegel1712 Words   |  7 Pagesendeavor in which few can be said to have been as influential as Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) and his most trenchant critic, G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831). Kant’s deontological attempt to unearth this criterion rests on one of the most metaphysical and abstract explanations ever given for the common intuitions of morality (Scruton 2001, 73). With the metaphysical dual-ism claimed by his Transcendental Idealism as his cornerstone, Kant argued that Reason – to him a defining and immutable trait of human natureRead MoreEssay about Kants Formalism Theory716 Words   |  3 PagesKants Formalism Theory The theories of Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher, have had an impact on the formulation and shaping of ethics today. Immanuel Kant graced this earth from 1724 to 1804. During his eighty year life time, he formulated many interesting ideas regarding ethical conduct and motivation. Kant is strictly a non-consequentialist philosopher, which means that he believes that a persons choices should have nothing to do with the desired outcome, but instead mankind simplyRead MoreBook Report on Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals by Kant599 Words   |  3 PagesBook Report on Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals by Kant Kant states (38,) act as if the maxim of thy action were to become by thy will a universal law of nature. This categorical imperative forms the basis of his book, Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals. Though at times his writing is confusing Kant lays out his logic as to what a categorical imperative is. Kant divides the book into three sections. The first explains the transition from everydayRead MoreEssay about The Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals1064 Words   |  5 PagesImmanuel Kant answers in, â€Å"The Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals†. Kant discusses many questions with arguable answers, which explains why he is one of the most controversial philosophers still today. Throughout Kant’s work, multiple ideas are considered, but the Categorical Imperative is one of the most prevalent. Though this concept is extremely dense, the Categorical Imperative is the law of freedom that grounds pure ethics of the metaphysics of ethics. Categori cal imperatives are the basisRead MoreKant Deontological Theory1659 Words   |  7 PagesStudent Name: Veronica Ryan Student No: 20120035 Assignment: Kant Lecturer: Prof: Wamsley Due Date: 23 August 2013 ____________________________________________________________________ Emmanuel Kant was an influential German Philosopher. He was born in Konigsberg in Prussia to Protestant parents he lived from 1724 to 1804. Kant observed the world around him and observed that that every culture religion and society has moral law whether they are obeyed or not. The Formula of Universal Law-Read More Kants Categorical Imperative Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesKants Categorical Imperative Deontology is the ethical view that some actions are morally forbidden or permitted regardless of consequences. One of the most influential deontological philosophers in history is Immanuel Kant who developed the idea of the Categorical Imperative. Kant believed that the only thing of intrinsic moral worth is a good will. Kant says in his work Morality and Rationality â€Å"The good will is not good because of what it affects or accomplishes or because of it’s adequacyRead MoreImmanuel Kant Beliefs793 Words   |  3 Pagescare ethics is the better moral philosophy to follow over Kantian deontology. While both moral philosophies strongly believe in defending the dignity of our fellow man, care ethics believes that nurturance and caring is the best way to defend a person’s dignity, as opposed to Kant who believe that our actions alone determine our dignity and worth. There are a number of reasons why one should choose care ethics over Kantian deontology. The first reas on is that, in his moral philosophy, Kant chooses

The Host Chapter 18 Bored Free Essays

I spent the rest of the day, with one brief exception, in total silence. That exception occurred when Jeb brought food for both Jared and me several hours later. As he set the tray inside the entrance to my tiny cave, he smiled at me apologetically. We will write a custom essay sample on The Host Chapter 18: Bored or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"Thank you,† I whispered. â€Å"You’re welcome,† he told me. I heard Jared grunt, irritated by our small exchange. That was the only sound Jared made all day. I was sure he was out there, but there was never so much as an audible breath to confirm that conviction. It was a very long day-very cramped and very dull. I tried every position I could imagine, but I could never quite manage to get all of me stretched out comfortably at once. The small of my back began a steady throbbing. Melanie and I thought a lot about Jamie. Mostly we worried that we had damaged him by coming here, that we were injuring him now. What was a kept promise in comparison with that? Time lost meaning. It could have been sunset, it could have been dawn-I had no references here, buried in the earth. Melanie and I ran out of topics for discussion. We flipped through our joint memories apathetically, like switching TV channels without stopping to watch anything in particular. I napped once but could not fall soundly asleep because I was so uncomfortable. When Jeb finally came back, I could have kissed his leathery face. He leaned into my cell with a grin stretching his cheeks. â€Å"‘Bout time for another walk?† he asked me. I nodded eagerly. â€Å"I’ll do it,† Jared growled. â€Å"Give me the gun.† I hesitated, crouched awkwardly in the mouth of my cave, until Jeb nodded at me. â€Å"Go ahead,† he told me. I climbed out, stiff and unsteady, and took Jeb’s offered hand to balance myself. Jared made a sound of revulsion and turned his face away. He was holding the gun tightly, his knuckles white over the barrel. I didn’t like to see it in his hands. It bothered me more than it did with Jeb. Jared didn’t make allowances for me the way Jeb had. He stalked off into the black tunnel without pausing for me to catch up. It was hard-he didn’t make much noise and he didn’t guide me, so I had to walk with one hand in front of my face and one hand on the wall, trying not to run into the rock. I fell twice on the uneven floor. Though he did not help me, he did wait till he could hear that I was on my feet again to continue. Once, hurrying through a straighter section of the tube, I got too close and my searching hand touched his back, traced across the shape of his shoulders, before I realized that I hadn’t reached another wall. He jumped ahead, jerking out from under my fingers with an angry hiss. â€Å"Sorry,† I whispered, feeling my cheeks turn warm in the darkness. He didn’t respond, but sped his pace so that following was even more difficult. I was confused when, finally, some light appeared ahead of me. Had we taken a different route? This was not the white brilliance of the biggest cavern. It was muted, pale and silvery. But the narrow crevice we’d had to pass through seemed the same†¦ It wasn’t until I was inside the giant, echoing space that I realized what caused the difference. It was nighttime; the light that shone dimly from above mimicked the light of the moon rather than the sun. I used the less-blinding illumination to examine the ceiling, trying to ferret out its secret. High, so very high above me, a hundred tiny moons shone their diluted light toward the dim, distant floor. The little moons were scattered in patternless clusters, some farther away than others. I shook my head. Even though I could look directly at the light now, I still didn’t understand it. â€Å"C’mon,† Jared ordered angrily from several paces ahead. I flinched and hurried to follow. I was sorry I’d let my attention wander. I could see how much it irritated him to have to speak to me. I didn’t expect the help of a flashlight when we reached the room with the rivers, and I didn’t receive it. It was dimly lit now, too, like the big cave, but with only twenty-odd miniature moons here. Jared clenched his jaw and stared at the ceiling while I walked hesitantly into the room with the inky pool. I guessed that if I stumbled into the fierce underground hot spring and disappeared, Jared would probably see it as a kind intervention of fate. I think he would be sad, Melanie disagreed as I edged my way around the black bathing room, hugging the wall. If we fell. I doubt it. He might be reminded of the pain of losing you the first time, but he would be happy if I disappeared. Because he doesn’t know you, Melanie whispered, and then faded away as if she were suddenly exhausted. I stood frozen where I was, surprised. I wasn’t sure, but it felt as though Melanie had just given me a compliment. â€Å"Move it,† Jared barked from the other room. I hurried as fast as the darkness and my fear would allow. When we returned, Jeb was waiting by the blue lamp; at his feet were two lumpy cylinders and two uneven rectangles. I hadn’t noticed them before. Perhaps he’d gone to get them while we were away. â€Å"Are you sleeping here tonight or am I?† Jeb asked Jared in a casual tone. Jared looked at the shapes by Jeb’s feet. â€Å"I am,† he answered curtly. â€Å"And I only need one bedroll.† Jeb raised a thick eyebrow. â€Å"It’s not one of us, Jeb. You left this on me-so butt out.† â€Å"She’s not an animal, either, kid. And you wouldn’t treat a dog this way.† Jared didn’t answer. His teeth ground together. â€Å"Never figured you for a cruel man,† Jeb said softly. But he picked up one of the cylinders, put his arm through a strap, and slung it over his shoulder, then stuffed one rectangle-a pillow-under his arm. â€Å"Sorry, honey,† he said as he passed me, patting my shoulder. â€Å"Cut that out!† Jared growled. Jeb shrugged and ambled away. Before he was out of sight, I hurried to disappear into my cell; I hid in its darkest reaches, coiling myself into a tight ball that I hoped was too small to see. Instead of lurking silently and invisibly in the outside tunnel, Jared spread his bedroll directly in front of the mouth of my prison. He plumped his pillow a few times, possibly trying to rub it in that he had one. He lay down on the mat and crossed his arms over his chest. That was the piece of him that I could see through the hole-just his crossed arms and half of his stomach. His skin was that same dark gold tan that had haunted my dreams for the last half year. It was very strange to have that piece of my dream in solid reality not five feet from me. Surreal. â€Å"You won’t be able to sneak past me,† he warned. His voice was softer than before-sleepy. â€Å"If you try†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He yawned. â€Å"I will kill you.† I didn’t respond. The warning struck me as a bit of an insult. Why would I try to sneak past him? Where would I go? Into the hands of the barbarians out there waiting for me, all of them wishing that I would make exactly that kind of stupid attempt? Or, supposing I could somehow sneak past them, back out into the desert that had nearly baked me to death the last time I’d tried to cross it? I wondered what he thought me capable of. What plan did he think I was hatching to overthrow their little world? Did I really seem so powerful? Wasn’t it clear how pathetically defenseless I was? I could tell when he was deeply asleep because he started twitching the way Melanie remembered he occasionally did. He only slept so restlessly when he was upset. I watched his fingers clench and unclench, and I wondered if he was dreaming that they were wrapped around my neck. The days that followed-perhaps a week of them, it was impossible to keep track-were very quiet. Jared was like a silent wall between me and everything else in the world, good or bad. There was no sound but that of my own breathing, my own movements; there were no sights but the black cave around me, the circle of dull light, the familiar tray with the same rations, the brief, stolen glimpses of Jared; there were no touches but the pitted rocks against my skin; there were no tastes but the bitter water, the hard bread, the bland soup, the woody roots, over and over again. It was a very strange combination: constant terror, persistent aching physical discomfort, and excruciating monotony. Of the three, the killer boredom was the hardest to take. My prison was a sensory-deprivation chamber. Together, Melanie and I worried that we were going to go mad. We both hear a voice in our head, she pointed out. That’s never a good sign. We’re going to forget how to speak, I worried. How long has it been since anyone talked to us? Four days ago you thanked Jeb for bringing us food, and he said you were welcome. Well, I think it was four days ago. Four long sleeps ago, at least. She seemed to sigh. Stop chewing your nails-it took me years to break that habit. But the long, scratchy nails bothered me. I don’t really think we need to worry about bad habits in the long term. Jared didn’t let Jeb bring food again. Instead, someone brought it to the end of the hall and Jared retrieved it. I got the same thing-bread, soup, and vegetables-twice every day. Sometimes there were extra things for Jared, packaged foods with brand names I recognized-Red Vines, Snickers, Pop-Tarts. I tried to imagine how the humans had gotten their hands on these delicacies. I didn’t expect him to share-of course not-but I wondered sometimes if he thought I was hoping he would. One of my few entertainments was hearing him eat his treats, because he always did so ostentatiously, perhaps rubbing it in the way he had with the pillow that first night. Once, Jared slowly ripped open a bag of Cheetos-showy about it as usual-and the rich smell of fake powdered cheese rolled through my cave†¦ delicious, irresistible. He ate one slowly, letting me hear each distinct crunch. My stomach growled loudly, and I laughed at myself. I hadn’t laughed in so long; I tried to remember the last time and couldn’t-just that strange bout of macabre hysteria in the desert, which really didn’t count as laughter. Even before I’d come here, there hadn’t been much I’d found funny. But this seemed hilarious to me for some reason-my stomach yearning after that one small Cheeto-and I laughed again. A sign of madness, surely. I didn’t know how my reaction offended him, but he got up and disappeared. After a long moment, I could hear him eating the Cheetos again, but from farther away. I peeked out of the hole to see that he was sitting in the shadows at the end of the corridor, his back to me. I pulled my head inside, afraid he might turn and catch me watching. From then on, he stayed down at that end of the hall as much as possible. Only at night did he stretch out in front of my prison. Twice a day-or rather twice a night, as he never took me when the others were about-I got to walk to the room with the rivers; it was a highlight, despite the terror, as it was the only time I was not hunched into the unnatural shapes my small cave forced on me. Each time I had to crawl back inside was harder than the last. Three times that week, always during the sleeping hours, someone came to check on us. The first time it was Kyle. Jared’s sudden lunge to his feet woke me. â€Å"Get out of here,† he warned, holding the gun ready. â€Å"Just checking,† Kyle said. His voice was far away but loud and rough enough that I was sure it was not his brother. â€Å"Someday you might not be here. Someday you might sleep too soundly.† Jared’s only answer was to cock the gun. I heard Kyle’s laughter trailing behind him as he left. The other two times I didn’t know who it was. Kyle again, or maybe Ian, or maybe someone whose name I hadn’t learned. All I knew was that twice more I was woken by Jared jumping to his feet with the gun pointed at the intruder. No more words were spoken. Whoever was just checking didn’t bother to make conversation. When they were gone, Jared went back to sleep quickly. It took me longer to quiet my heart. The fourth time was something new. I was not quite asleep when Jared started awake, rolling to his knees in a swift movement. He came up with the gun in his hands and a curse on his lips. â€Å"Easy,† a voice murmured from the distance. â€Å"I come in peace.† â€Å"Whatever you’re selling, I’m not buying,† Jared growled. â€Å"I just want to talk.† The voice came closer. â€Å"You’re buried down here, missing the important discussions†¦ We miss your take on things.† â€Å"I’m sure,† Jared said sarcastically. â€Å"Oh, put the gun down. If I was planning to fight you, I would have come with four guys this time.† There was a short silence, and when Jared spoke again, his voice carried a hint of dark humor. â€Å"How’s your brother these days?† he asked. Jared seemed to enjoy the question. It relaxed him to tease his visitor. He sat down and slouched against the wall halfway in front of my prison, at ease, but with the gun still ready. My neck ached, seeming to comprehend that the hands that had crushed and bruised it were very close by. â€Å"He’s still fuming about his nose,† Ian said. â€Å"Oh, well-it’s not the first time it’s been broken. I’ll tell him you said you were sorry.† â€Å"I’m not.† â€Å"I know. No one is ever sorry for hitting Kyle.† They laughed quietly together; there was a sense of camaraderie in their amusement that seemed wildly out of place while Jared held a gun loosely pointed in Ian’s direction. But then, the bonds that were forged in this desperate place must have been very strong. Thicker than blood. Ian sat down on the mat next to Jared. I could see his profile in silhouette, a black shape against the blue light. I noticed that his nose was perfect-straight, aquiline, the kind of nose that I’d seen in pictures of famous sculptures. Did that mean that others found him more bearable than the brother whose nose was often broken? Or that he was better at ducking? â€Å"So what do you want, Ian? Not just an apology for Kyle, I imagine.† â€Å"Did Jeb tell you?† â€Å"I don’t know what you’re talking about.† â€Å"They’ve given up the search. Even the Seekers.† Jared didn’t comment, but I could feel the sudden tension in the air around him. â€Å"We’ve been keeping a close watch for some change, but they never seemed overly anxious. The search never strayed from the area where we abandoned the car, and for the past few days they were clearly looking for a body rather than a survivor. Then two nights ago we caught a lucky break-the search party left some trash in the open, and a pack of coyotes raided their base camp. One of them was coming back late and surprised the animals. The coyotes attacked and dragged the Seeker a good hundred yards into the desert before the rest of them heard its screams and came to the rescue. The other Seekers were armed, of course. They scared the coyotes off easily, and the victim wasn’t seriously hurt, but the event seems to have answered any questions they might have had about what happened to our guest here.† I wondered how they were able to spy on the Seekers who searched for me-to see so much. I felt strangely exposed by the idea. I didn’t like the picture in my head: the humans invisible, watching the souls they hated. The thought made the skin on the back of my neck prickle. â€Å"So they packed up and left. The Seekers gave up the search. All the volunteers went home. No one is looking for it.† His profile turned toward me, and I hunched down, hoping it was too dark to see me in here-that, like his face, I would appear as only a black shape. â€Å"I imagine it’s been declared officially dead, if they keep track of those things the way we used to. Jeb’s been saying I told you so’ to anyone who’ll stand still long enough to hear it.† Jared grumbled something incoherent; I could only pick out Jeb’s name. Then he inhaled a sharp breath, blew it out, and said, â€Å"All right, then. I guess that’s the end of it.† â€Å"That’s what it looks like.† Ian hesitated for a moment and then added, â€Å"Except†¦ Well, it’s probably nothing at all.† Jared tensed again; he didn’t like having his intelligence edited. â€Å"Go on.† â€Å"No one but Kyle thinks much of it, and you know how Kyle is.† Jared grunted his assent to that. â€Å"You’ve got the best instincts for this kind of thing; I wanted your opinion. That’s why I’m here, taking my life into my hands to infiltrate the restricted area,† Ian said dryly, and then his voice was utterly serious again. â€Å"You see, there’s this one†¦ a Seeker, no doubt about that-it packs a Glock.† It took me a second to understand the word he used. It wasn’t a familiar part of Melanie’s vocabulary. When I understood that he was talking about a kind of gun, the wistful, envious tone in his voice made me feel slightly ill. â€Å"Kyle was the first to notice how this one stood out. It didn’t seem important to the rest-certainly not part of the decision-making process. Oh, it had suggestions enough, from what we could see, but no one seemed to listen to it. Wish we could’ve heard what it was saying†¦Ã¢â‚¬  My skin prickled anxiously again. â€Å"Anyway,† Ian continued, â€Å"when they called off the search, this one wasn’t happy with the decision. You know how the parasites are always so†¦ very pleasant? This was weird-it’s the closest I’ve ever seen them come to an argument. Not a real argument, because none of the others argued back, but the unhappy one sure looked like it was arguing with them. The core group of Seekers disregarded it-they’re all gone.† â€Å"But the unhappy one?† Jared asked. â€Å"It got in a car and drove halfway to Phoenix. Then it drove back to Tucson. Then it drove west again.† â€Å"Still searching.† â€Å"Or very confused. It stopped at that convenience store by the peak. Talked to the parasite that worked there, though that one had already been questioned.† â€Å"Huh,† Jared grunted. He was interested now, concentrating on the puzzle. â€Å"Then it went for a hike up the peak-stupid little thing. Had to be burning alive, wearing black from head to toe.† A spasm rocked through my body; I found myself off the floor, cringing against the back wall of my cell. My hands flew up instinctively to protect my face. I heard a hiss echo through the small space, and only after it faded did I realize it was mine. â€Å"What was that?† Ian asked, his voice shocked. I peeked through my fingers to see both of their faces leaning through the hole toward me. Ian’s was black, but part of Jared’s was lit, his features hard as stone. I wanted to be still, invisible, but tremors I couldn’t control were shaking violently down my spine. Jared leaned away and came back with the lamp in his hands. â€Å"Look at its eyes,† Ian muttered. â€Å"It’s frightened.† I could see both their expressions now, but I looked only at Jared. His gaze was tightly focused on me, calculating. I guessed he was thinking through what Ian had said, looking for the trigger to my behavior. My body wouldn’t stop shaking. She’ll never give up, Melanie moaned. I know, I know, I moaned back. When had our distaste turned to fear? My stomach knotted and heaved. Why couldn’t she just let me be dead like the rest of them had? When I was dead, would she hunt me still? â€Å"Who is the Seeker in black?† Jared suddenly barked at me. My lips trembled, but I didn’t answer. Silence was safest. â€Å"I know you can talk,† Jared growled. â€Å"You talk to Jeb and Jamie. And now you’re going to talk to me.† He climbed into the mouth of the cave, huffing with surprise at how tightly he had to fold himself to manage it. The low ceiling forced him to kneel, and that didn’t make him happy. I could see he’d rather stand over me. I had nowhere to run. I was already wedged into the deepest corner. The cave barely had room for the two of us. I could feel his breath on my skin. â€Å"Tell me what you know,† he ordered. How to cite The Host Chapter 18: Bored, Essay examples

Elizabeth I Essay Research Paper Elizabeth was free essay sample

Elizabeth I Essay, Research Paper Elizabeth was born September 7, 1533 and died on March 24, 1603. She was the sovereign of England from 1558 to her decease. In her life-time she made herself a powerful image of female authorization, imperial impressiveness and national pride. This image has endured down to the present twenty-four hours. Elizabeth both created her image through embroidery and through the concrete policies that she urged her state to follow. The latter half of the sixteenth century in England is called the Elizabethan Age, and possibly this is justified, because Elizabeth did give the age a personal cast. Elizabeth had a tough childhood. She was the girl of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. Henry had married Anne because his first married woman, Catherine had non borne him a male inheritor after 20 old ages of matrimony. Henry and Catherine had a girl named Mary. Henry had become involved in a serious contention with the Church over his disassociating Catherine, and finally Henry himself became the caput of the Church of England. We will write a custom essay sample on Elizabeth I Essay Research Paper Elizabeth was or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When Elizabeth was 3, her female parent, Anne Boleyn, was beheaded for criminal conversation and lese majesty. He besides had Parliament do his matrimony with Anne Boleyn shut-in from the beginning, which made Elizabeth bastard. What consequence all this had on Elizabeth is difficult to state since she was non reared by her natural parents. It was observed that at the age of 6, she had every bit much gravitation as a individual who was 40. In 1537, Henry # 8217 ; s 3rd married woman gave birth to a boy named Edward. Elizabeth faded even more into the background, but she was non neglected. Henry VIII may hold been hard on his married womans, but he was fond by the criterions of the twenty-four hours with his kids. Elizabeth was present at province ceremonials and was regarded as 3rd in line to the Throne. She spent a great trade of clip with her half-brother Edward. Catherine Parr, Henry # 8217 ; s 6th and concluding married woman, gave Elizabeth loving attending. Elizabeth was given a strict instruction in linguistic communications, history, rhetoric, and moral doctrine. Her outstanding coach, Roger Ascham, said # 8220 ; her head has no womanly failing # 8221 ; . He besides said that her doggedness and memory were equal to that of a adult male. ( The sexism exhibited here is built-in in the sixteenth century, non in the authors of this life. ) She was fluid in Greek, Latin, French, and Italian. She studied divinity and became a strong Protestant. These values and beliefs helped determine the future class of England. Her male parent died in 1547 when she was 14. Edward became king as a male child of 10. Catherine Parr married Thomas Seymour. When Catherine died in 1549, Seymour was accused of wishing to get married Elizabeth in order to govern England. Seymour was beheaded for lese majesty. Elizabeth # 8217 ; s life was temporarily in danger as she and her retainers were questioned about the grade to which she had been intimate with Seymour. Elizabeth was discreet and poised throughout this episode. Edward, a Protestant, died in 1553 and was replaced by his older half sister, Mary. Mary was a Catholic, and married to the taking Catholic in Europe -Philip II of Spain. Mary was determined to reconstruct Catholicism to England even if took force. Elizabeth was once more in danger. Elizabeth conformed externally to Catholicism, but she became the focal point and donee of secret plans to subvert the authorities and reconstruct Protestantism. Elizabeth was briefly locked up in the Tower of London and merely hardly missed the destiny that happened to her female parent. Mary # 8217 ; s brief reign from 1553 to 1558 was characterized by the combustion of Protestants and military confrontations. Elizabeth continually had to protest her artlessness, her unswerving trueness, and proclaim her pious antipathy for unorthodoxy. Both Protestants and Catholics thought Elizabeth misrepresented her spiritual positions. ( In truth, Elizabeth died without anyone cognizing her private positions on life in general. ) Mary died on November 17, 1558, and Elizabeth took the throne amid great public rejoicing. There were bells, balefires, loyal presentations and other marks of popular credence. In the first few hebdomads of her reign, the Queen formed her authorities and issued announcements. She reduced the size of the Privy Council from 39 to 19, partially to acquire rid of Catholic councilors, and partially to do the organic structure more efficient. She appointed a figure of gifted advisers, the most adept of which was William Cecil ( Lord Burghley ) . He served Elizabeth for 40 old ages as secretary of province and Godhead financial officer. She reformed the currency by taking the adulterate currency that had been put into circulation by her male parent. She decreed that all able-bodied work forces, non engaged in other types of work should work the land. She did this to increase the agricultural labour force. She negotiated pacts with France and Scotland to stop a province of belligerencies. The temper of the times made it hard for people to accept a female in power. John Knox, the Calvinist sermonizer, had merely written The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women. In this book, Knox claimed that # 8220 ; God hath revealed to some in this age that it is more than a monster in nature that a adult female should reign and bear imperium above man. # 8221 ; It was by and large acknowledged that adult females were temperamentally, intellectually, and morally unfit to regulate. Elizabeth # 8217 ; s regulation was rationalized by claiming that when she came to power her # 8220 ; organic structure natural # 8221 ; was cryptically joined ( by God ) to the immortal # 8220 ; organic structure politic # 8221 ; . Mary # 8217 ; s reign had been a spot of a catastrophe and Elizabeth found it necessary to develop a new theoretical account for regulation. The English province was intentionally weak and hapless. It had no standing ground forces, no efficient constabulary force, and a weak and inefficient bureaucratism ; to obtain gross to regulate the Crown had to travel to Parliament, which was frequently loath to impose subsidies and revenue enhancements. Elizabeth and her advisers developed a scheme of cultivating, over the old ages, the image of the Virgin Queen. This was a really complicated construct in the sense that a matrimony ( # 8221 ; the right matrimony # 8221 ; ) would give England a Protestant inheritor and strengthen England # 8217 ; s place in foreign personal businesss. Without a matrimony the Tudor line would come to an terminal and Mary, Queen of Scots could perchance acquire the throne of England. Mary was a Catholic, and hence unacceptable. Elizabeth had many suers: Philip II of Spain, Archduke Charles of Austria, Eric XIV of Sweden, the Duke d # 8217 ; Anjou, the Duke of Alencon, and many others including some Englishmen. Scholars believe that Elizabeth intended to get married none of them. She likely was in love with the controversial Robert Dudley ( Earl of Leicester ) , but she refused to get married him stating on one juncture, # 8220 ; I will hold here but one kept woman and no master. # 8221 ; John Stubbs and William Page one time produced a booklet that denounced her supposed matrimony to the Duke of Alencon. They went so far as to state, # 8220 ; the Duke was the old snake himself, in the signifier of a adult male, come a 2nd clip to score the English Eve and to destroy the English paradise. # 8221 ; Elizabeth had their right custodies chopped off. Unasked advice could sometimes be unsafe. What precisely was Elizabeth # 8217 ; s attitude toward matrimony? On one juncture she said, # 8220 ; At my ain clip I shall turn my head to marriage if it be for the public good. # 8221 ; At another clip she said, # 8220 ; I would instead be a mendicant and individual than a Queen and married. # 8221 ; Elizabeth was a hard-working sovereign. She habitually worked far into the dark on province documents and originate late claiming she was non a forenoon individual. Her tribunal provided a wealth of amusements and recreation. Hunting expeditions, day-to-day gallops on horseback, tennis lucifers, archery, and dancing were among the cardinal activities. Elizabeth was an first-class terpsichorean, and her maestro of revels brought in companies of professional histrions and instrumentalists. The tribunal, nevertheless, was a topographic point of traps and enticements. It was a unsafe topographic point for people who were indiscreet, over-ambitious, or injudicious. Sir Walter Raleigh, one of the most talented work forces in the tribunal, was imprisoned for a clip in the Tower of London when it was discovered he had in secret married one of the Queen’s ladies-in-waiting. For much of her reign, Elizabeth # 8217 ; s topics prospered economically.. Those landholders who already had some wealth, prospered to the greatest extent, but even the lower category benefitted. This prosperity would non last to the terminal of her reign, but for the most portion, economic advancement was made. During most of the reign, tensenesss between Spain and England curtailed the free motion of English ships between the North Sea and the Straits of Gibralter. The merchandisers and seamans of England were looking outward in hunt of new markets. There had been ocean trips of find in the yesteryear. John Cabot had sailed to New Foundland and Nova Scotia. William Hawkins went to Africa and Brazil in 1540. English ships had sailed the northern seashore of Russia. The Muscovy Company established trade with the imperium of Ivan the Terrible. But these were merely impermanent attempts, and under Elizabeth a more comprehensive attempt was made to widen English influence overseas. Her reign saw trading escapades along the seashore of Africa ( break ones backing ) , and new attempts to happen short-cuts due east and due west to the Orient. Other expeditions went in hunt of the legendary southern continent # 8220 ; terra australis incognita # 8221 ; . The Spanish peculiarly resented the English intervention with their slave-trade. An incident that precipitated tensenesss between Spain and England took topographic point when the Spanish slaughtered 200 English crewmans seeking to mend their ships in the Mexican port at San Juan de Ulua. Two hundred subsisters tried to acquire aboard a ship and canvas for England with really small nutrient or H2O. Some of these crewmans asked to be put ashore, instead than to sail to England in this status. The Spanish brought these crewmans to test as misbelievers, burned some of them at the interest, and made the remainder galley slaves. Seventy of the crewmans managed to acquire back to England ; one of whom was Sir Francis Drake. The response to the Spanish menace was that the British built more ships than of all time before. Elizabeth and the English were determined to forestall Spain from ruling the seas. One of the basic jobs of Elizabeth # 8217 ; s reign was the spiritual inquiry. She was harassed by hawkish Protestants who desired a swing toward Calvinism, and residuary Catholics who preferred the position quo. It seems likely that the fairest opinion is that Elizabeth took a in-between land. She supported the Church of England, and did non truly care what her topics believed every bit long as they kept controversial positions to themselves. In 1559, Elizabeth officially restored Protestantism by holding Parliament base on balls the Act of Supremacy which declared the Queen the supreme governor of the Church. Finally spiritual tenseness in the land became a major job. Rumors had been rife that Catholics were traveling to try to assassinate Elizabeth merely as they had assassinated the other major Protestant leader in Europe, William of Orange. Protestants in Parliament, after the Babington Plot of 1586 to slay Elizabeth had been discovered, insisted that Mary Queen of Scots be executed instantly after being implicated in the secret plan. Elizabeth waited 3 months, but eventually signed the decease warrant. Mary was beheaded in 1587. In foreign policy Elizabeth followed a way similar to her domestic policy. At times she sponsored privateering foraies on Spanish transportation and ports. Sir Francis Drake and others relieved the Spanish male monarch of gold and Ag and other valuables at the way of the Queen. At other times she was compromising and initiated peace negotiations. By the mid-1580 # 8217 ; s it became evident that a war between England and Spain was inevitable. It was widely anticipated that a big Spanish fleet ( The alleged Spanish Armada ) would sail to the Netherlands, pick up the big Spanish ground forces combat in the Netherlands, and conveyance that army to England, where Catholicism would be imposed on the English. In one of the most celebrated conflicts in history, the Queen # 8217 ; s ships defeated the Armada. As the Spanish fleet tried to sail back to Spain, it was about wholly destroyed in awful storms. Elizabeth was celebrated for her great addresss, and one of her better-known references was given at the clip of the awaited invasion by the Spanish. Elizabeth was determined to reexamine a organic structure of military personnels deployed to run into the Spanish encroachers if they broke through England # 8217 ; s naval defences. Some of her advisers suggested that she would be in danger looking before a big armed crowd, but Elizabeth would non mistrust her # 8220 ; faithful and loving people # 8221 ; . Dressed in a pure white elegant gown and a Ag aegis, she rode through the cantonment and proceeded to present a famed address. While turn toing the organic structure of military personnels, she said: # 8220 ; I know I have the organic structure of a weak and lame adult female, but I have the bosom and tummy of a male monarch ; and a King of England too. # 8221 ; She went on to state, # 8220 ; In the words of a Prince # 8221 ; that she would amply honor her loyal military perso nnels. As was her usage, she broke her promise. The citations in the above paragraph in many ways exemplify the features of the Queen. She was brave, she knew how to utilize rhetoric, she had a melodramatic bid of public occasions, and she could utilize male soldierly values to her advantage. She was besides capable of doing promises she had no purpose of maintaining, and she was rather ungenerous when it came to passing the Crown # 8217 ; s money. The heathen goddesses had been driven underground by a thousand old ages of Christianity. The English Reformation had done its best to stamp down the cult of the Virgin Mary. In topographic point of these almighty female divinities, England now had its Virgin Queen. She was compared by poets to the Moon Goddess, to a Virgin and Fertility Goddess, the bringer of Justice, and the basis of Empire. Painters portrayed her in impossible impressiveness and with the symbols of peace, virtuousness, stateliness and truth. Quite an impressive public image to keep! Elizabeth # 8217 ; s reign besides saw a blossoming of the humanistic disciplines that would be impossible for about any other period of English history to fit. Edmund Spencer, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, William Shakespeare are great names non merely in English literature, but in World literature. The English Renaissance was a high spot in a sixteenth century that frequently appeared bloody, dark, and drab. Elizabeth # 8217 ; s reign after the licking of the Armada was beset by problems. Her control over her state # 8217 ; s spiritual, political, and economic jobs ; every bit good as her presentation of herself, began to demo terrible strains. Bad crops, rising prices, and unemployment, caused a loss of public morale. Corruptness and greed led to wide-spread popular hatred for Elizabeth # 8217 ; s favorites, to whom she had given moneymaking and much-resented monopolies. By the bend of the century, even her supporters such as Sir Walter Raleigh said she was # 8220 ; a lady surprised by time. # 8221 ; Shortly before she died on March 24, 1603, she designated James VI of Scotland as her replacement. It was non long, nevertheless, before many Englishmans were retrieving with great fancy and nostalgia their # 8220 ; Good Queen Bess # 8221 ; . Possibly the relationship between Elizabeth and her people can be found in comments she made before Parliament when she allowed Parliament to revoke many of the monopolies she had given to her favourites: # 8220 ; Though God hath raised me high, yet this I count the glorification of my Crown, that I have reigned with your loves # 8230 ; I do non so much rejoice that God hath made me a Queen as to be Queen over so grateful a People. # 8221 ; The undeclared war between Spain and England continued until the terminal of Elizabeth # 8217 ; s reign. The great power of Spain was cut down to size and England, based upon the public presentation of English ships and English crewmans, had shown that England was now ready to take its topographic point among Europe # 8217 ; s major powers. Never had England # 8217 ; s assurance been greater, and no symbol of the kingdom # 8217 ; s new glorification was more powerful that Elizabeth herself.

Freedom Requirements For Public Meetings - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the FreedomRequirements For Public Meetings. Answer: Types of Meeting Meeting Purpose Conducted Status Updates Meeting To check progress on work and align workforce These meetings have activities of discussion for problem solving, prioritization, task assignment or decision making. These meetings involve team leaders who represent their teams. These meetings can happen within group or across groups depending on the company size. In this meeting, anyone who would be benefited by team discussions can be involved. Decision Making Meeting To take decision that needs inputs from the whole team These meetings have activities like information sharing, brainstorming, evaluation, ranking and voting for options. Decisions can be taken using a variety of methods like ranking, voting, scoring, and iterative convergence. The team ends discussions with a direction on what to do next in the area that was discussed. A typical meeting involves participants, leader, authority, process observer, and note taker. Innovation Meetings To bring up new ideas and develop a foundation for a new solution, design, product or service In these meetings, new ideas are encouraged from people and discussions are done to refine on most promising ideas through brainstorming, evaluating, and ranking. These meetings are mostly carried out at the beginning of a project. These meetings are assigned a leader to keep things in control and a note taker to collate ideas. Codes of practice Code of practice is a guideline prepared by a professional association for its members to help them understand the ethical standards and comply with them. The purpose of this code is to support economic, political and social integrity of business entity and industry, protect customer rights, and encourage equal employment opportunity for all without discrimination. Meeting codes of practice include: Freedom of speech must be respected for every one attending the meeting The code of practice must be followed by all the attendees of the meeting A due notice should be given to all the expected participant if any meeting has to be held Meeting venue must have the arrangements to ensure safety and health of participants at the time of meeting If the meeting chairperson is not present in the meeting for some reason then a chairman must be chosen before conducting the meeting It is the duty of the meeting chairperson to ensure that meeting is conducted in a lawful manner Minutes of the meeting must have correct records of all the details and discussions and must be signed by participants The agenda of the meeting must be prepared in advance and must be distributed to participants before the meeting If any confidential information has to be shared over email to anyone for meeting then it should be put in the attachment rather than on the email body People who are unable to attend the meeting and their participation is of importance to the issue discussed, must inform the organizer about the absence In the event of cancellation of the meeting,, participants must be informed a week in advance for normal meetings and 24 hours in advance for emergency meetings Any change in the agenda after informing participants must be communicated in the form of an addendum If any fact or information has to be discussed in the meeting which needs preparation from a potential participant then it is the responsibility of the participant to get all the necessary documents or facts collected before the meeting and must bring the evidences in the meeting The questions that are asked by the participants must be relevant to the topics of discussion, must have rational considerations and should not hurt the sentiments of any other participant Based on the needs for the codes of conduct, certain procedures can be established for meetings such as: A formal invitation with identified key discussion topics must go to the participants 7 days prior to the meeting for a reminder and information update on the meeting agenda A minute taker must be hired who should be made responsible for noting the details of event and highlights of discussion during event. This minute would be sent to all the participants post the meeting within a week of completion of the meeting. Legislations Legislations that can affect meetings include: Health and Safety Requirements: The condition and provisions in the meeting room must be safe and healthy for the participants. This requires a company to ensure that all safety and health requirements are met by the venue that is chosen for meeting such as existence of emergency evacuation, fire extinguisher, first aid kits, quality air, well lit environment, and provision of water and snacks. This would affect the choice of venue where a meeting has to be conducted which would in turn affect the transportation needs and costs to the company. Organization requirements: The Company conducting meeting must make arrangements for booking, progress recording, accommodation or transport if needed, catering, and relevant documentation. As per this legislation, any company conducting meeting would have some obligations like hiring a minute taker, having a booking system, a place for notice or information sharing, and making of catering arrangements. This would affect the procedures and budget of the meeting(ISC, 2012). Public Meetings Public meetings need to follow some legislative requirements such as: Rules for Notice: A notice has to be given to all the members who can attend with details like meeting time, meeting place, and principle subjects that are likely to be covered in the meeting The information about the meeting may be given through press releases or direct mails to news organizations, local media, neighbouring associations, chambers of commerce, and community organizations. The notice given to the public must have not less than 24 hours time except the emergency meetings that can be called within 24 hours(ORS, 2017). Minutes of the Meeting The minutes must have details like starting and adjourning time, date and place of meeting, members of institution conducting meeting, statements on issues discussed, purpose of the session, and attendees of the session The minutes must be prepared and posted within 7 days after the meeting is over on the organization website. For emergency meeting, this duration is 72 hours and in case of voting results, it can be 42 hours(FOIC, 2008) Meeting Standards Meeting standards for specific region or country must be explored and accordingly agenda, standards, and processes must be set Legal requirements must be followed based on cite laws, quorum requirements, procedural rules, and archival requirements Meeting requirements Before the meeting can be conducted, there would be some requirements that are needed to be completed for organizing the meeting event and these include: The purpose off the meeting must be identified and based on it the items in the agenda have to be prepared Meeting participants are chosen and are assigned roles in the meeting The decision on the venue and timing of the location has to be decided The processes that would be used for making decisions in the meeting are needed to be explored and the most appropriate process must be selected from voting, leaders choice, or group consensus The attendance of all the participants must be verified before attendance and they should be informed about their roles Key participants who would need to present in the meeting must have details of agenda and must prepare themselves The venue has to be verified to ensure that it has all the required facilities including safety provisions, meeting equipments, meeting arrangements, lightning, and air supply and it is available at the time of the meeting Some of the requirements are specific to participants of the meeting such as: Participant Requirement Minute taker Should have the details of the venue, meeting agenda, participants and timing Should have a facility to record the details of meeting Meeting leader Must have the agenda of the meeting and topics to be discussed Must have the details of participants and their roles Must have a document prepared for the code of practice of meeting Key presenter Must have the required documents ready for the presentation Must have the details of agenda and profiles of participants Meeting organizer Must have access to the venue to ensure it has all the facilities Must have requirement details to ensure they are met Decision making authority Must have the knowledge about the procedure for decision making Must have all the factual data that is needed to take the right decision Resource equirement The resources that are required to conduct a meeting include: Seating arrangement as per the need of the meeting Catering facility including drinks and snacks sufficient in quantity for serving all participants Meeting equipments like projector, Screen, Mic, computer, server, extension, and electrical sockets Facilities for convenience, safety, and health of participants including Air Conditioner, Safety Kit, and Fire Extinguisher. Funds must be available to pay for the venue, administrative tasks, and catering Human resources are needed to play the roles of meeting leader, organizer, receptionist and minute taker Cultural Differences There can be difference in the way people from different cultures view time. In some cultures, the people do not respect time wastage and can be rude to people coming late. Such cultures are called monochromatic such as Japan. In these cultures, people do not welcome any interruptions during the meeting while in other cultures people could be more welcoming and relaxing such as Latin America and Middle East. This can cause conflicts between people from opposing cultures. To avoid or minimize such conflicts, some steps can be taken such as: Allotting specific time for questions in the agenda itself such that people can only ask questions in that time Specifying in the age and the last time to take entries that should be 15 minutes before the start of the event and do not welcome entries post that Another challenge can arise due to the differences in behaviour and attitude of people such that what is considered good in one culture may not be appreciated in another culture. One of the reasons for such differences could be due to the difference in the power distance which if high will have people more respecting to authority and unwilling to listen to people from lower hierarchy such as in China while with low power distance countries, people are treated equal such as in USA. Conflicts can arise if a senior participant from a high power distant country is interrupted or opposed by another person who is a junior and from a low power distance country. Such conflicts can be avoided or at least minimized by taking following steps: Company can allot specific time for presenting opposing views where everyone is forced to push their sceptic views and none would feel offended. The Six Hat thinking system can be used in the meeting to ensure this is used Everyone should be given specified minutes for speaking with points to speak which can include positive as well as negative views such that all views are presented without raising conflicts Documentation Documents for distribution before meeting Contact Person Date Required No. Of copies Meeting Agenda CEO 10th August 9 copies each for General Manager, Finance Director IT Director, Marketing Manager, HR Manager, Warehouse Manager, Buying Director, Regional Operational Manager and Minute Taker Invitation HR manager 8th August 11 copies each for CEO, General Manager, Finance Director IT Director, Marketing Manager, HR Manager, Warehouse Manager, Buying Director, Regional Operational Manager and Minute Taker Minutes recording format HR manager 13th August 1 copy for Minute Taker Confirmed Participants list HR manager 12th August 11 copies each for CEO, General Manager, Finance Director IT Director, Marketing Manager, HR Manager, Warehouse Manager, Buying Director, Regional Operational Manager and Minute Taker Budget report Buying Director 12th August 2 copies for Finance Director and CEO Sales Terminal Progress update report Marketing Manager 12th August 3 copies for General Manager, Finance director, and CEO Minutes of Previous meeting HR Manager 12th August 11 copies each for CEO, General Manager, Finance Director IT Director, Marketing Manager, HR Manager, Warehouse Manager, Buying Director, Regional Operational Manager and Minute Taker Design Team Summary report Regional Operational Manager 13th August 2 copies for General Manager and CEO Meeting Schedule Goals Tasks Resources Needed Timelines Prepare and Distribute meeting agenda Identify purpose of meeting Identify participants and their profiles Gather meeting requirements from participants Create agenda for the meeting Send agenda to all participants Assistance from participants Emails of all participants 10th August Make arrangements for all facilities needed for the meeting Identify venue and meeting requirements Explore and select venue that meets requirements of meeting Check if venue has all facilities including AC, Projector, Mic, Fire Extinguisher, and First Aid kit Outsource catering service to a catering service provider if it is not available with venue providers Test the equipments to ensure they are working before meeting Finance to pay venue and other service provider 12th August Ensure attendance of most participants in the meeting Identify participants Create an invitation for the participants Send them invitation Seek confirmation for attendance from stakeholders If participants are not present in time, call them to remind if possible and the participant is important Take entries of all participants coming to meeting HR manager to help with profile details Support from department heads for confirmation of participants 13th August Prepare all the reports needed for the meeting and distribute Prepare budget Prepare sales terminal progress report Prepare design team summary report Extract previous meetings minutes Operational Manager HR manager Marketing Manager Minute Taker 13th August Conduct the meeting as per meeting code of practice Document meeting codes of practice Distribute the codes to all participants Allot a meeting leader Leader to moderate the meeting to ensure that the participants follow codes of practice HR Manager 14th August Ensure all meeting proceedings are recorded and distributed to participants Create a template for minutes of the meeting Study last minutes of the meeting and identify topics for recoding in new minutes Assign the task of recording minutes to a minute taker Minute taker to update the event details in template including time, venue, agenda, and participants Minute taker to record discussions in the minutes template Record details of who said what, who was absent, who sent another representative, who did not inform about absence, etc. Take consent from participants on minutes recorded Edit minutes and prepare a final minutes of the meeting Send the minutes of the meeting to all the participants who attended and who could not attend Minute Taker Inputs from all the meeting participants including CEO, General Manager, Finance Director IT Director, Marketing Manager, HR Manager, Warehouse Manager, Buying Director, and Regional Operational Manager 14th August Ensure that participants are served with snacks and drinks Check if the venue has catering facility If not then explore and select a quality caterer from outside Provide snacks and beverages to participants during meeting Catering service provider Finance 14th August References FOIC, 2008. FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT: Public Meetings Guide, Connecticut: FOIC. ISC, 2012. Manage meetings, s.l.: Australian GOvernment. ORS, 2017. FAQ on Notice Requirements for Public Meetings , s.l.: LEAGUE OF OREGON CITIES.